古琴中英文对照介绍.note

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古琴中英文对照介绍

古琴，又称琴、七弦琴，又有绿绮，丝桐等别称。古琴是文人雅士修身之必由之径，

居 “ 琴、棋、书、画 ” 四艺之首。数千年来，古琴以独特的记谱、三千多首琴曲、一百四十余

种琴谱、做工精良的琴器、难以数计的琴论、风格各异的琴派以及内在博大精深的文化世

界为世人所珍视。 2003 年 11 月，联合国教科文组织正式批准古琴为第二批 “ 人类口头和非物

质文化遗产代表作 ” 。 2006 年 5 月 20 日，古琴艺术经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文

化遗产名录。

Guqin is originally called Qin or Qi Xian Qin (severn-stringed Qin). It also has good-

sounding and meaningful alternative names like lu Qi (green silk) and St Tong (silk-

stringed paulownia). Guqin heads the “four arts”: Qin, chess, calligraphy and painting, and

it helps to cultivate one’s nobleness. Profound and extensive culture of Guqin was formed

after its long-term development, featuring its special notation, fine instruments,

innumerable theories, various schools, and more than 3000 compositions and over 140

kinds of scores. In November 2003, the art of Guqin was guqin music was proclaimed as

one of the “Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity” by UNESCO.

On the May 20, 2006, it was sanctioned to be a member of the first National Intangible

Cultural Heritage items by China State Council.

古琴构造 structure

古琴琴体由面板和底板胶合而成，主要分为琴面、琴底、琴腹三部分。古人言，古琴长约

三尺六寸五，象征一年三百六十五天。琴面呈弧形，琴底扁平，象征天圆地方。其行与人

身相应，有首、额、项、肩、腰之分。古琴最初只有五弦，内合金、木、水、火、土五

行，外合宫商角徵羽五音。之后文王加一弦，是为文弦；武王加一弦，是为武弦。琴面十

三徽，象征一年十二月和闰月。

A Guqin is made up of a top board and a bottom board stuck to each other, and mainly

consists of three parts: top surface, bottom surface and internal cavity. The length is “3-

Chi-6-Cun-5-Fen” (about 0.06 meter). The arch-shaped top surface symbolizes the

circular heaven and its flat basebloard symbolizes the square earth. The instrument also

has a head, a forehead, a neck, a shoulder and a waist, which illustrates its connection

with the human body. Guqin originally had a five-tone musical scale: Gong, Shang, Jue,

Zhi and Yu, symbolizing Chinese philosophy concept of five elements “metal, Wood,

water, fire, and earth”. Two strings were added to Guqin later, one standing for literature,

and the other army. There lie 13 markers on the top surface, symbolizing the tweleve

regular months plus the intercalary month of a year.